mendes



(No M d 1.5

e J. H. E. MBNDBS.

GOMPOUND LIQUID FOR USE IN THB ART 0F REPRIGERATION.

Jupe 2, 1885.

n, Perma Phammmgnp man. n. c;

UNITED TATES PATENTv @Erica JOSEPH HENRI ERNEST MENDES, OE PARIS, TRANCE, ASSIGNOE To sooinrn ANONYME DITE COMPAGNIE INDUSTRIELLE DES rRooEDES RAOUL PIOTET, or SAME PLAGE.

COMPOUND LIQUlD FOR USE IN THE ART OF REFRiGERATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,108, dated .Tune 2, 1885.

(No specimens.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH HENRI ERNEST MENDs, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, in said Republic, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Coinpound Liquids for Use in the Art of Refrigeration, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying diagrams.

Liquid anhydrous sulphurous acid has its boiling-point at atmospheric pressurev about 11 below 0o centigrade. The curve representing its point of liquefaction at different temperatures and under different pressures is represented by the curve ofthe accompanying Table No. 1. The boiling-point of anhydrous sulphurous acid at atmospheric pressure may be lowered by adding to it, in the state ofsolution, a certain quantity of carbonio acid. Anhy drous sulphurous acid possesses in effect the property of containing in solution a certain quantity ,of carbonio aoid-a fortieth to a fiftieth of its own weight. By this solution the sulphurous acid acquires new properties, which modify its point of liquefaction at dif- 1" erent temperatures and under different pressures, according to the curves 1, 2, and 3 of the accompanying Table No. l. The curve No. 3 represents the point ot' liquefaction of anhydrous sulphurous acid saturated with carbonio acid in solution. The boiling-point of the sulphurous acid thus saturated with carbonio acid is lowered at the pressure of the atmosphere to about 30o below 0. The boiling-point may be varied between 30 and 110, according to the proportion of carbonio acid dissolved. The result of this state of more or less complete saturation of SO2 by CO2 is afundamental modification of the proporties of SO2. In eiieot the work necessary to the liquefaction of this new compound (which T call carbonated sulphurous acid is, proportionally to the cold produced, greater than the augmentation of work necessitated by the augmentation of the aspired vapors. This augmentation of tension accompanies the dissolution of the carbonio acid. It is known that in this system of machines the quantity of cold produced. is, to equal volumes of aspired vapors, proportional to the tension of said vapors. Now, to take an example, the tension ol the anhydrous sulphurous acid vapors at a temperature of -150 oentigrade is about 0.9 atmospheres. At the same temper ature the new saturated liquid attains a tension of 1.4 atmospheres. It may therefore be concluded that for a given volume ol aspired vapors the quantity of cold produced is for the new liquid in proportion to sulphuu ous acid as 1.4 to 0.9. Then a given capacity of pump for aspired vapors of the carbonated sulpburous acid will give an augmentation ot' productionof cold equal to about fifty per cent. On the other hand, the work necessary to the liquefaction of the gases in the condenser of the refrigeratingunachin es is not proportional to the augmentation of tension ot the vapors aspired, or, in other words, to the qua-ntity of cold produced. Tllisis governed according to the accompanying Table No. 2. This table indicates the quantity of work necessary tothe liqueaction of the vapors, either of pure SO2 or of SO.Z more or less saturated with CO2. 1n this table I have supposed the vapors aspired at --o ccnligrade and compressed at +o centigrade. ltappears from these diagrams that the quantity of work necessary to the liquefaction diminishes for a given unit of cold produced with the augmentation of saturation of SO2 by CO2. The econvonly of work with the saturated liquid is about ten per cent. of the work necessary to oompression. The advantage of the employment of carbonated sulphurous acid is, then, of two kinds: irst, for a given quantity oi' cold producedthe dimensions ofthe compression-pump are reduced; second, it reduces at the same time the quantity of work necessary to the production of cold.

Carbonated sulphurous acid may be obtained by stirring at a low temperature gaseous carbonio acid into the liquid sulphurous acid. This operation may be stopped as soon as the pressure ot' the saturated liquid is superior for a given temperature to its normal pressure corresponding' to the curve No. 3 of the accompanying Table No. 1.

In practice I set the refrigerating-machine tion7 the employment in refrigeratingmachines of sulphurous acid more or less saturated With carbonio acid in solution, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH HENRI ERNEST MENDES.

XVitnesses:

ROBT. M. HooPER, C. CRMERs. 

